Cell Growth Inhibitory Effect of Tissue Cultured Root of Wild Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer Extract on Various Cancer Cell Lines
2009
Park, J.S., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Lee, T.W., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Han, K., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
This study was performed to investigate the cell growth inhibitory effect of tissue cultured root of wild Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer (tcwPG). The human stomach carcinoma cell line, MKN 74, was incubated with 70% EtOH extract of tcwPG or Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer (PG) for 24 hrs. tcwPG inhibited cell growth at a concentration of 250 ㎍/ml. However, Panax ginseng extract did not inhibit cell growth at the same concentration. We also tested the ethyl acetate and H₂O fractions of tcwPG. The inhibitory effect of the ethyl acetate fraction on cell proliferation in MKN 74 cells was more potent than that of the crude extract, and the inhibitory effect of the H₂O fraction was less than that of the ethyl acetate fraction. When we separated tcwPG into polar and non-polar saponin fractions and then measured cell growth inhibition, the non-polar saponin in tcwPG exhibited cytotoxicity. To compare the effects of tcwPG on various cancer cell lines, we measured cytotoxicity in MKN 74 (stomach cancer cell line), SW 620 (colon cancer cell line) and PC 3 (prostate cancer cell line). All three cell lines showed cell growth inhibition, and the cell growth inhibitory effects were not quite different in the various cell lines. The non-polar saponins of tcwPG arrested PC 3 cells at G1-phase as did Panax ginseng.
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