The Analysis of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) for Nutritional Assessment and Health Care in Elderly Women
2009
Yang, E.J., Honam University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Nutritional assessment for the elderly can identify health status and morbidity. However, development of Nutritional Risk Index (NRI) remains limited for elderly because of difficulties in understanding physiological mechanism of elderly. This study was performed to analyze and develop Nutritional Risk Index for Korean elderly Women (Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, GNRI). Based on literature review, factors for NRI were identified and indices were assessed by a cross-sectional survey. The survey involved Korean elderly women (greater-than or equal to 60, n = 94) in Gwangju area, and sociodemographics, lifestyle characteristics, health conditions, dietary intakes based on 24h- recall, anthropometric measures (wt, ht, BMI, waist, hip, WHR, body protein, body fat, abdominal fat, and triceps skinfold thickness), and clinical biochemistry parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, fasting blood glucose, HbAlc, ferritin, Zn, Ca, Na, K, Vit E, Vit B∧12, folate, C-reactive protein) were examined relation to nutritional risk index. Based on literature review and data analyses, three NRIs were categorized (NRI Ⅰ, NRI Ⅱ, NRI III) and used for further analysis. NRI Ⅰ was related to having metabolic syndrome, NRI Ⅱ was related to serum albumin and body weight, and NRI Ⅲ was related to food habit and health concerns. Abdominal fat (%) of elderly was correlated with each NRIs. NRI Ⅱ was correlated with nutritional deficiency and higher tendency of inflammatory response, and NRI Ⅲ was correlated with nutritional status which tend to be lower on aging (protein, folate, Vit B∧12). NRI can serve as a useful tools in assessing health risk and nutritional status. Some modification of items in NRI and validity study are need to apply to Korean elderly.
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