Comparative investigation of some peach rootstocks
2010
Kiprijanovski, M., Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food, Skopje (The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) | Gjamovski, V., Institute of Agriculture, Skopje (The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) | Arsov, T., Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food, Skopje (The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia)
In the F.Y.R. of Macedonia, the peach is cultivated at acreage of about 1400 ha. The peach orchards are mainly concentrated on the territory of the small rural municipality Rosoman in the Tikves region. Thanks to the favourable climate conditions in this region, the orchards give excellent results and the fruit has recognizable quality. The production includes a large number of varieties with different ripening time. The only rootstock in these orchards is the vineyard peach. The Rosoman region is rich in carbonate soils with a high pH. The high content of carbonates and high sensitivity of the vineyard peach towards the alkaline soils are the reasons for frequent appearance of chlorosis. The chlorosis, as well as its negative consequences, is often a limiting factor for the peach being wide spread in this region. With the purpose of finding a solution for the chlorosis problem, in 1990 an experimental peach orchard was established in alkaline soils in the Rosoman region. The orchard was established with one year old trees from the Red Haven variety. Seedlings from vineyard peach and Nemaguard, and vegetative rootstock from the hybrid of peach x almond GF 677, were used as rootstocks. The trees were planted at the distance of 4 x 3 m. The research was performed from planting until the end of the tenth vegetation. The research included the following: trunk diameter, occurrence of chlorosis on the leaves, premature mortality of the trees, as well as the yield per tree and yield on the acreage. According to the investigations, it has been concluded that the vegetative rootstocks from hybrid peach x almond GF 677 give the best results under adequate soil conditions. In the future orchards, the vineyard peach should be replaced by this rootstock.
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