Эффективность высококремнистых пород и минеральных удобрений при возделывании сахарной свеклы в условиях Среднего Поволжья
2009
Kulikova, A.Kh. | Tojgil'dina, I.A., Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy (Russian Federation)
Diatomite and silica clay with high content of silicium were used as local fertilizers alone and being mixed with other inorganic fertilizers and they were safe for environment. Their effect on sugar beet grown after vetch and oat was studied on leached chernozem in the Middle Volga Region. Physical and chemical soil properties, performance and saccharinity of storage sugar beet roots were estimated in 15 testing variants in fields and at laboratory. The optimal variant was Diatomite (3000kg/ha) +N fertilizer (30 kg/ha). Profitability of growing increased by 33.2%, a coefficient of energetic effect was 3.1. Diatomite and silica clay as natural sorbents stimulated a decrease of heavy metal mobility and their entrance into products. Beside that they had structuring and thinning effects on soil and improved soil nutrient properties. As a result of entering these local fertilizers content of water-soluble silicium, mineral nitrogen, mobile phosphorous and exchangeable potassium was higher. Water conditions become better in consequence of productive moisture accumulation. Using of diatomite in mix with urea maintained rise of sugar beet yield and high cost recovery.
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