Потенциальная вредоносность пузырчатой головни кукурузы
2009
Buga, S.F. | Zherdetskaya, T.N. | Zhukovskaya, A.A., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute of Plant Protection
For the first time in the Republic of Belarus there was studied the injuriousness level of maize (Zea mays) smut (Ustilago maydis) by the example of an early-season hybrid Bemo 172 SV. In course of studies there was revealed the influence of affection of maize underground seedlings by corn smut on plant mortality in the conditions of the artificial infection background for the determination of the direct yield losses. There was presented the linear direct correlation of seed weight of plants affected by the disease at a different degree (from 1 to 6 degrees). There was revealed the relationship between the influence of the different extent of infected crops and grain yielding capacity. Seed infesting with thelyspores of Ustilago maydis fungus caused loss of 56,8% of underground seedlings and 23,5-59,5% of the vegetative plants. The significant yield losses up to 1,6% or 2,0 g per plant were stated in the conditions of 2 grade of an earcorn affect. Yield losses under different degree of plant organs affect was the following: swelling on the corn stalk below an ear (3 grade) – 25,7%; swelling on the corn stalk above an ear (4 grade) – 46,7%; swelling on a maize ear (5 grade) – 63,9%. Author photos with the formation of smut swellings on seed hypocotyls, vegetative (stem), generative (panicle) and reproductive (corn ear) plant organs were presented
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