Профилактика бешенства в Беларуси: состояние и проблемы
2009
Kovalev, N.A. | Buchukuri, D.V., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center of Animal Breding (Belarus). The S.N. Vyshelesskij Inst. of Experimental Veterinary Medicine
In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were analyzed the results of etiology and behaviour of wild carnivore animals (foxes, raccoon dogs, wolves and badgers), clinical symptoms of rabies, general methods of sylvatic rabies prophylaxis and efficiency of their use. The basic reservoirs and carriers of rabies virus in Belarus are wild carnivore animals, first of all foxes, raccoon dogs, wolves and badgers which account for 70% all rabies cases. The basic measures of prophylaxis of rabies between wild carnivores are regulation of animal density and oral immunization. For the prevention of rabies among wild carnivores their quantity must be about 2 animals per 10 square km. In course of oral vaccination of wild carnivores against rabies in order to obtain positive results the baits with 2.0 cm3 rabies vaccine and biomarker containing 150 mg of tetracycline -hydrochloride per dose must be distributed in quantity of 15-20 pieces per 1 square km. Oral vaccination must be realized two times per year in course of 5-6 years and 2-3 years after last rabies case (at the area not least than 5000 square km). Prior to 2007 the oral immunization company on the territory of Belarus was realized in suboptimum spectrum - only at 10-15 % of necessary territory. Since 2007 there was the increasing of volume of oral vaccination which made it possible to lower the number of disease cases from 1614 cases in 2006 up to 898 cases in 2007, 1053 cases in 2008 and 311 cases in 2009 (three months). For the fundamental eradication of Sylvatic rabies the volume of production and distribution of baits with oral vaccine necessary should be increased up to 2.6-3.0 million doses per year
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