Зависимость урожайности и качества продукции зерновых культур от обеспеченности дерново-подзолистых супесчаных почв фосфором и доз минеральных удобрений
2010
Bogdevich, I.M. | Mikulich, V.A. | Kalenik, G.I., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry
In the conditions of sod-podzolic light loamy soils of the Republic of Belarus in 2005-2009 there were realized field experiments on determination of the influence of different doses of mineral fertilizers on yielding capacity and quality of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum), edible pea (Pisum sativum) and winter triticale depending on four different levels of soil supply with mobile phosphates. It was found that increasing of mobile phosphates P2O5 at fine textured loamy sand soil content within the range of 70-400 mg per kg was accompanied by increasing of grain yielding capacity of spring wheat in 1,8 times and protein yield per hectare in 1,9 times. In the conditions of less fertile porous loamy sand soil the grain yields of pea and winter triticale were decreasing according to quadratic parabolic curve with maximum in the range of P2O5 content 200-400 mg/kg. The content of mobile phosphorous (P) which corresponds to the maximal crop yield can be considered as the upper level of an optimal range, while the P content corresponding to the maximum yield increase per 1 kg of P fertilizer can be considered as the lower level of an optimal range for field crop rotations. There was marked a significant increase of crude protein and gluten content, as well as the improvement of amino acid composition and biological quality of grain proteins in accordance with the increasing of soil supply with mobile P levels up to the optimal range.
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