Effects of amylose content selection in hybrid progenies of japonica rice on quality and yield traits and genetic diversity | 粳稻直链淀粉含量选择对杂种后代品质和产量性状及遗传多样性的影响

Chinese. 本研究选用4个稻米直链淀粉含量有显著差异的粳稻品种配制2个杂交组合,研究其粳稻籽粒直链淀粉含量选择对杂种后代品质和产量性状及遗传多样性的影响。结果表明,连续定向选择籽粒直链淀粉含量对杂种后代蒸煮食味品质和产量性状产生不同程度的影响,在蒸煮食味品质性状中下降粘度值、粘滞峰消减值、食味值,在产量性状中单株粒重、单株穗数、每穗粒数所受的影响较大,直链淀粉含量降低到13%以下时,稻米蛋白质含量和食味值及淀粉谱特性均发生明显的变化,而且直链淀粉含量过低将导致每穗粒数和单株粒重的显著下降;直链淀粉含量高的后代株系遗传背景基本来自于高直链淀粉含量亲本,反之直链淀粉含量低的后代株系遗传背景基本来自于低直链淀粉含量亲本,直链淀粉含量的连续定向选择使后代的遗传背景趋于双亲之一。[著者文摘]

English. In this research,we study the effects of the selection for amylose content on rice quality and yield and genetic diversity by employing two hybrid combinations from 4 japonica parents with different amylose contents.The results indicated that continuous directional selection of amylose content affect the quality and yield of hybrid progenies at different degrees.Among them,cooking and eating quality traits,including breakdown,peak viscosity and taste meter value,and yield traits such as grain weight per plant,spike number per plant,grain yield per plant were affected considerably by the selection for amylose content.Also,protein content,taste value and amylogram properties were significantly changed when amylose content is less than 13%.In addition,low amylose content will lead to sharp decrease of spikelet number per panicle and grain yield per plant.The genetic background of hybrid progenies with high amylose content came from high-amylose content parents whereas progenies with low amylose content came from low-amylose content parents.It was indicated that genetic background of hybrid progenies could be similar to one of their parents by directional selection of amylose content.[著者文摘]