Gene pyramiding to improve the resistance of rice hybrids to brown planthopper and blast disease using molecular marker-assisted selection | 利用分子标记辅助选择改良杂交水稻的褐飞虱和稻瘟病抗性

Chinese. 稻瘟病和褐飞虱目前是我国水稻产区最重要的病虫害。汕优63曾经是我国种植面积最大的杂交水稻组合,然而其易感白叶枯病、稻瘟病、褐飞虱和品质等问题导致其近年来在生产上基本没有了面积。本试验利用分子标记辅助选择将水稻抗褐飞虱基因Bph14、Bph15同时导入到汕优63的亲本明恢63和珍汕97B中,以改良汕优63的褐飞虱抗性;同时将抗稻瘟病基因Pi1、Pi2导入到已改良的珍汕97B中,使后者同时获得褐飞虱和稻瘟病抗性。褐飞虱苗期鉴定结果表明：改良的杂交稻（聚合Bph14,Bph15或单基因）的褐飞虱抗性较对照（汕优63）显著提高;穗颈瘟田间自然发病结果也表明：聚合Pi1、Pi2的杂交稻发病率仅为约6%,明显低于对照汕优63（约90%）。田间农艺性状考察也表明改良型杂交稻的主要农艺性状与对照基本一致,产量高于对照或与对照相仿。这些改良组合可以为进一步培育绿色超级稻提供中间材料。[著者文摘]

English. Brown planthopper（BPH） and blast,the most devastating insect pest and disease in rice-producing areas,have caused enormous yield losses recently.Shanyou 63 has become a widely cultivated hybrid in China over the last two decades.However,this line has become increasingly susceptible to bacterial blight（BB）,blast,and BPH,resulting in a rapid decline of its use in rice production.In this study,a molecular marker-assisted selection（MAS） introgression of Bph14 and Bph15 was performed to improve the BPH resistance of Minghui 63,one of the parent of Shanyou 63.BPH bioassay showed that the improved hybrids containing two genes and a single BPH resistance gene showed enhanced resistance compared to conventional hybrids.Two major genes（Pi1 and Pi2） for blast resistance were also pyramided into improved maintainer lines Zhenshan 97B.The natural infection test for neck blast showed that four hybrid combinations pyramided with both Pi1 and Pi2 had a significantly lower neck blast infection rate（about 6%） than the others（about 90%）,which lacked those genes.Field trial data demonstrated that yields of improved hybrid rice,which pyramided with the resistance genes for BPH（Bph14/Bph15） and blast（Pi1/Pi2）,were higher than or similar to the control（Shanyou 63） under natural field conditions.These improved versions could be used in breeding programs for ＂Green Super Rice＂.[著者文摘]