Genetic diversity among chicken breeds of the Conservation Program of the INIA | Diversidad genética en las razas de gallinas del Programa de Conservación del INIA
2011
Dávila, S.G., Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid (España). Dept. de Mejora Genética Animal | Gil, M.G., Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid (España). Dept. de Mejora Genética Animal | Resino Talaván, P., Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid (España). Dept. de Mejora Genética Animal | Campo, J.L., Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid (España). Dept. de Mejora Genética Animal
The present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability and the genetic divergence of 13 Spanish chicken breeds, a tester line, and White Leghorn populations, using 24 microsatellite markers, 150 alleles were detected across all population. The number of alleles by locus ranged from 2 to 13, with the mean value being 6.25. The mean polymorphic information content was 0.59, ranging from 0.85 to 0.17. The observed heterozygosity was lower than the expected heterozygosity for all loci, the mean values being 0.46 and 0.64. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.003 to 0.73 and 0.18 to 0.86, respectively. Mean deficit of heterozygotes within populations (FIS) was 0.06 and mean fixation index of each population (FST) was 0.24. The mean global deficit of heterozygotes across populations (FIT) was 0.29. A total of 15 private alleles in 10 microsatellites were observed, and in some populations, fixed alleles were found for 7 microsatellites. The average observed heterozygosity for each population was 0.46, ranging from 0.33 (Quail Castellana) to 0.54 (Red Villafranquina), and the average expected heterozygosity was 0.49, ranging from 0.32 (Quail Castellana) to 0.55 (White-Faced Spanish). All of the Spanish breeds except the Quail Castellana were more polymorphic than the White Leghorn population. The mean value of the deviation of heterozygote number was 0.05 breeds. Nei's genetic distance showed a range from 0.11 (between White-Faced Spanish and Black Menorca) to 0.44 (between Buff Prat and White Leghorn).The results indicate that the panel of microsatellite markers was useful in studying the genetic diversity of chicken breeds.
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