Genetic dirvesity of Groundnut Germplasm in Ethiopia.
1997
Gemechu Keneni and belay Simane and Getinet Gebeyehu
Groundnut breeding in Ethiopia was started in 1966 and five improved varieties were released to producers. Although a large number of groundnut germplasm has been introduced, there is minimum information on the extent of genetic diversity of this germplasm. Afield experiment was conducted in 1995/96 at Werer Research Center to study genetic diversity in groundnut. Forty-three genotypes were grown in RCBD with 3 replications. Data on 14 traits were collected and exposed to statistical analyses. Analysis- of variance indicated significant differences for all traits. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters of different sizes. There was no definite correspondence between geographic and botanical diversity and genetic diversity, indicating that both geographic and botanical diversity should not serve as indices of genetic diversity in parental selection in groundnut. Therefore, parental selection should be based on genetic distance, taking the special merits of each cluster and each genotype within a cluster. Genetic distances between all clusters, except clusters C1 and C5 and C3 and C4 were significant that crosses between them are expected to generate desirable segregants with broad genetic base.
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