Characterization of multiple antimicrobial resistant Shigella sonnei isolated from diarrhoeal patients in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
2010
Ahmed, B. (Punjab Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). Dept. of Zoology) | Shakoori, F.R. (Government Coll. Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). Dept. of Zoology) | Ali, S.S. (Punjab Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). Dept. of Zoology) | Shakoori, A.R. (Punjab Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). School of Biological Sciences)
The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for 83 Shigella. sonnei isolated from diarrhoeal patients admitted to hospitals in Azad Kashmir Pakistan were analyzed from 1994 to 1998 to determine their changing trends in response to twenty antibiotics. The isolates showed highest resistance against penicillin (P) followed by carbenicillin (Ca), ampicillin (A), tetracycline, erythromycin, ceftizoxime, kanamycin, co-trimoxazole, piperacillin, amoxicillin, amikacin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, cephalothin and ceftriaxone. All S. sonnei isolates were sensitive to cefixime, ciprofloxacin and enoxacin. Multiple drug resistance was observed in this study ranging from three to ten drugs and was resistant to three or more antibiotics at level as high as 300 mug/ml. The resistant isolates showed different patterns of antibiotics resistance. The most common pattern was PCaA. The plasmids were observed in (29.2%) MDR strains of S. sonnei which were found resistant to three or more antibiotics. The number of plasmids varied from one to seven. Analysis of plasmid DNA of S. sonnei revealed that all the strains contained a heterogeneous population of plasmids ranging between greater than 23.1 kb to less than 2.0 kb. Based on molecular weight, the pattern of different plasmids was also very diverse. Depending on the number of plasmids, individual strains were grouped into nine different plasmid patterns. The plasmids (greater than 23.1 Kb and 23.1 Kb) could only confer ampicillin, chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim resistance to the competent cells of E. coli HB101.
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