Effect of cadmium on the yield of agricultural crops, the mobility of this element in the soil , and its accumulation by plants | Влияние загрязнения кадмием на содержание подвижных форм элемента в почве, накопление его растениями и урожай сельскохозяйственных культур
2010
Potatueva, Yu.A. | Sidorenkova, N.K., Dolgoprudny Agrochemical Experimental Station, Moscow (Russian Federation)
Pot experiments were done in 2001 with spring wheat on sod-podzol soil (SPS) and mustard on leached chernozem (LC) and in 2003 with oat and rape on SPS. Effects of pollution by Cd water-soluble (in varying degrees) and water-insoluble compounds were studied as respects to content of mobile forms of Cd compounds in the soil, accumulation of Cd by crops and to their yileld. In 2001 Cd was added in a form of Cd(H2P04)2 *H20 (form 1) and Cd3(P04)2 (form 2) at doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg, in 2003 it was done in a form of CdC12 (form 3), CdC03 (form 4) and form 2 at doses of 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg. The experiments were hold with liming and without liming. A content of mobile Cd compounds was studied in experiments with compost. Applying of Cd form 1 at doses of 0.25-8 mg/kg did not have a noticeable effect on a yield of spring wheat on acidic SPS. Applying of Cd forms 1, 3, 4 and 5 at doses of 2, 4 and 8 mg Cd/kg had an ambiguous effect on yield of rapeseed. Soil liming provided an increase of crop yield in 2 times in the all tested versions. Mustard yield decreased by 12.8% in compare with the variant without pollution of LC, when Cd was applied in the forms 1 and 4 at doses of 4 and 8 mg Cd/kg in the both versions with liming and without liming. Applying of Cd form 1 at doses 0.25-8 mg/kg caused an increase in a content of mobile forms of Cd compounds in the soil; liming contributed to their reduction. The plants accumulated intensively Cd that was introduced into the soil. In wheat grain a content of Cd increased in 5 times (up to 0.5 mg/kg) at a dose of pollution of 0.25 mg Cd/kg; Cd content in wheat grain was 0.62-0.67 mg/kg at a dose of 8 mg Cd/kg. In wheat straw accumulation of Cd was higher than in grain. Green mass of oats and mustard was outstand by higher accumulation of Cd in the all test versions. The plants accumulated less amount of Cd when the same doses of the forms 1, 2 and 4 in compare with the form 3.
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