Effect of contamination with heavy metals and oil on the biological properties of leached vertic chernozem | Влияние загрязнения тяжелыми металлами и нефтью на биологические свойства чернозема выщелоченного слитого
2010
Kolesnikov, S.I. | Kazeev, K.Sh. | Rotina, E.N. | Valkov, V.F., Southern Federal Univ., Rostov-on-Don (Russian Federation) | Tlekhas, Z.R., Majkop State Technological Univ. (Russian Federation)
Effects of petroleum and heavy metal (HM) pollution on the biological properties of loamy leached chernozem (LC) were studied. Soil humus content was 5.1%, pH 6.3 and the samples was of the layer of 0-25 cm. Pollution by Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb was estimated comparing the maximum permissible concentrations(MPC) developed in Germany. The follow concentrations of the pollutants were used: for HM it was 1, 10 and 100 MPC (respectively, 100, 1000 and 10000 mg/kg), for petroleum - 1, 5 and 10% of soil mass. HM were added into the soil in a form of oxides. Analytical studies were done within 30 days after contamination. A cumulative index of biological soil condition (CIBSC) was calculated with the use of following indicators: a number of Azotobacter bacteria, catalase and dehydrogenase activity, celluloselytic activity and phytotoxicity (estimated as a length of radish roots). Pollution of LC by HM and petroleum resulted in deterioration of LC properties. HM could be arranged in series according a degree of negative impact on LC: Cr Pb Cu Ni. LH were characterized by a relatively high resistance to pollution by HM due to their properties of perpetuating of HM. Stability of LC to petroleum pollution was caused by a high biological activity and oxidative conditions conducive to petroleum expansion. Indicators of biological condition were recommended to use for monitoring of chemical pollution of soils. Regional standards of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and petroleum content for LC were proposed
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