The value of factory cultivation of pink and chum salmon for fishing in Sakhalin Region | Значение заводского разведения горбуши и кеты для их промысла в Сахалинской области
2010
Kaev, A.M., Sakhalin Research and Development Inst. of Fisheries and Oceanography, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (Russian Federation)
Factory cultivation of a pink salmon and a Siberian salmon has undergone three stages of the evolution last years. 1970-1985: achievement of the greatest issuances of juvenile (to 890 million copies) at 18 state factories, the basic entity - chum salmon (68%), 1986-1995: abbreviation of volumes of issuance of juvenile to 400-500 million, redesign of the state factories and transfer 6 from them in rent to mercantile frames, building of the first three factories with participation of the foreign capital. 1996-2009: building of factories on the basis of the private capital, augmentation in issuances of juvenile of a lobe of a Siberian salmon. In 2009 35 factories it is released 735 million copies of juvenile (Siberian salmon - 53%). Fishing: As a result of augmentation of efficacy of factory cultivation of a Siberian salmon its catch in range was increased from 2098 (1990) to 24 900 tons (2008). The feral Siberian salmon has almost lost value in forming of mercantile catches. At the same time, authentically effect of factory cultivation on dynamics of catches of a pink salmon is not taped. The locating of factories in basins of the spawning rivers affects reproduction of feral populations. Threats are shared on two types. The first type has the anthropogenic character bound, in the core, with adjustment of the dropout of fishes on spawning areas. The second type is bound to possible moving of factory fishes. At the same time, there are no establishments for the statement about a deterioration of the human environment of salmons at ocean as a result of augmentation of volumes of their factory cultivation
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