Red mud as technologically enhanced naturally occuring radioactive material | Odpady z výroby hliníka ako technologicky obohatené prírodné rádioaktívne materiály (Tenorm)
2009
Vanek, M., Technical University in Zvolen (Slovak Republic). Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences | Schwartz, M. | Lalík, V.
Radioactivity is an inherent attribute of all natural materials. Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) as natural rocks and minerals enter the technological processes as raw materials. New products are being made as well as waste and by-products. Radioactivity in the waste can be lower or higher than in the original raw material. Those materials containing higher levels of radioactivity are generally called technologically enhanced naturally occuring radioactive materials (TENORM). Aluminium production from Bauxite ore produces large amounts of waste - red mud. It is considered to be TENORM. There are many efforts to utilize this waste as a raw material, mailny in building industry. However, radioactivity can be one of the limiting factors for such utilization, and relevant legislation on radiation protection should be considered.
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