New Oriental Basma Type Tobacco Lines: Morphological Assessment and Agronomic Performance | АГРОБИОЛОГИЧНА И МОРФОЛОГИЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА НА ЛИНИИ ТЮТЮН ОТ СОРТОТИП БАСМА
2011
Stoeva, D., Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Sofia (Bulgaria)
Tobacco /Nicotiana tabacum L./ is one of important economic crops of the world, and in Bulgaria. The present work is a portion of a research program with the objective of producing and evaluating new tobacco lines providing useful materials for plant breeding. Three advanced Basma type lines - 303/1, 303/2, 303/3 developed after breeding on classical way /hybridization between cultivars/ or selection of valuable transgression forms are assessed. The lines were assessed by eight agronomic traits: growth dynamic and leaf formation, number and the width of middle leaves, dynamic of flowering, vegetation period, yield and quality of yield. Some chemical analyses such as nicotine and soluble sugars content, total protein content and pure ashes were also performed. All three lines exceeded the initial cultivars by important agronomic traits including plant type, plant height, number of leaves and vegetation period. Experimental data about individual changeability of studied morphological and biological traits are presented. One of the main characteristics of these tobacco lines is fighting for control of the biological power which causes formation of bigger leaves but decreases the quality of the dry tobacco. Thus, the size of the biggest leaf was not exceeded 20/13 cm. The average yield per 1000 m2 exceeded the control cultivar Krumovgrad 90 from 13 to 22%. The high yield of lines was achieved by increasing the number of technically useful leaves from 38 to 42 combined with higher content. In roots, differences between number of secondary branches in the lines /5 to 7/ and initial cultivars /2 to 3/ were established. The lines may be released as new varieties or used to produce improved tobacco hybrids.
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