Expression changes of adiponection (adipoq) and its receptor genes (adipor1 and adipor2) in porcine longissimus dorsi and psoas major muscles | 脂联素(AdipoQ)及其受体基因(AdipoR1 and AdipoR2)在猪背最长肌和腰大肌中的表达差异

Chinese. 脂联素 (AdipoQ) 是脂肪组织分泌的一种细胞因子，通过血液循环系统到达靶器官与其受体1和2 (AdipoR1和AdipoR2) 结合，参与脂质和能量代谢及胰岛素敏感性调节方面的生物学过程。利用荧光定量PCR技术检测了210日龄长白猪和荣昌猪的背最长肌和腰大肌组织中AdipoQ、AdipoR1和AdipoR2基因mRNA丰度的表达差异，并分析了基因相对表达量与猪肥胖指数(porcine obesity index, POI) 、肌内脂肪 (intramuscular fat, IMF) 含量和背最长肌横截面面积的相关性。结果表明，在不同性别的长白猪和荣昌猪的两种肌肉组织中均检测到AdipoQ、AdipoR1和AdipoR2的表达，但表达量在品种、性别和组织间存在明显差异。AdipoQ和AdipoR1基因表达量与POI和IMF含量呈负相关，与背最长肌横截面面积呈正相关，但均未达到显著水平(P0.05) ，AdipoR2基因表达量与IMF含量呈显著负相关(P0.05) 。研究结果提示，AdipoQ、AdipoR1和AdipoR2表达量与脂肪沉积性状呈负相关，与肌肉生长性状呈正相关，这与其增加脂肪酸氧化, 减少脂肪沉积的功能相符。

English. Adiponection (AdipoQ), a protein hormone secreted from adipose tissue, modulates a number of metabolic processes, including fatty acid catabolism and regulation of insulin sensitivity. The expression changes of AdipoQ and its receptor genes (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) in longissimus dorsi and psoas major muscles of Rongchang (a fatty, indigenous, Chinese breed) and Landrace pigs (a leaner, Western breed) were measured using a Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR approach. Results showed that the AdipoQ, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were ubiquitously expressed in all tissues analyzed, nonetheless, their mRNA abundances existed notable differences among pig breeds, genders and tissue types. The mRNA abundances of AdipoQ and AdipoR1 genes exhibited a negative correlation with the POI (porcine obesity index) and IMF (intramuscular fat) content traits, and a positive correlation with longissimus dorsi muscle area. Additionally, the mRNA abundance of AdipoR2 gene exhibited a strongly negative correlation (P0.05) with IMF content. These results are in accordance with the well-annotated function of AdipoQ and its receptor genes, which increase fatty acid oxidation and decrease fat deposition, and highlight AdipoQ, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 as candidate genes for porcine meat quality and carcass traits.