Study on the composition of fat and protein in pomegranate seed of Xinjiang_ | 新疆石榴籽中脂肪和蛋白质的组分研究__

Chinese. ［目的］为新疆石榴资源的综合开发提供理论依据。［方法］以正己烷为溶剂提取新疆石榴籽中的油脂，并采用气相色谱-质谱法测定油脂的脂肪酸含量及组成，采用微量定氮法和分级提取法测定油脂的蛋白质含量及氨基酸组成。［结果］石榴籽中油脂含量较高（18.2%），其中不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的70%以上。石榴籽中粗蛋白的平均含量为14.27%，其中谷蛋白和残渣蛋白占蛋白质总量的80%以上，而球蛋白、清蛋白和醇溶蛋白含量较低；石榴籽蛋白质中谷氨酸（23.4%）、精氨酸（13.6%）、天冬氨酸（7.91%）、甘氨酸（5.83%）和亮氨酸（5.87%）含量较高，其次为丝氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸和苯丙氨酸，而胱氨酸、蛋氨酸和色氨酸含量较低。［结论］新疆石榴籽中油脂含量较高，而必需氨基酸含量较低。_

English. ［Objective］ The purpose was to provide theoretical basis for comprehensive development of pomegranate resource of Xinjiang. ［Method］ With n-hexane as solvent, the oil was extracted from pomegranate seeds of Xinjiang, the content and composition of fatty acid in oil were determined by GC-MS and the content and amino acid composition of protein in oil were determined by Kjeldahl method and fractional extraction. ［Result］ The oil content in pomegranate seeds was higher, being 18.2%, in which unsaturated fatty acid accounted for more than 70% in the total amount of fatty acid. The average content of crude protein in pomegranate seeds was 14.27%, in which glutelin and residual protein accounted for more than 80% in the total amount of protein and the contents of globulin, albumin and prolamine were lower. In the proteins of pomegranate seeds, the contents of glutamic acid, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine and leucine were higher, being 23.4%, 13.6%, 7.91%,_5.83%_ and 5.87% resp.; that of serine, alanine, valine and phenylalanine were secondary and that of cystine, methionine and tryptophane were lower. ［Conclusion］ In the pomegranate seeds of Xinjiang, the oil content was higher and the content of necessary amino acids was lower. _