Lead, mercury and cadmium content in bottom sediments, reed (Phragmites australis) beds and great pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) in fishponds and the role of littoral zones in their accumulation
2011
Sychra, J., Masarykova Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Botaniky a Zoologie | Celechovska, O., Veterinarni a Farmaceuticka Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Biochemie, Chemie a Biofyziky | Svobodova, Z., Veterinarni a Farmaceuticka Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Verejneho Veterinarniho Lekarstvi a Toxikologie | Sychra, O., Veterinarni a Farmaceuticka Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Biologie a Chorob Volne Zijicich Zvirat
We studied the concentrations of cadmium, lead and mercury in Phragmites australis, Lymnaea stagnalis, and in littoral bottom sediments in 18 fishponds in two regions of the Czech Republic. We also assessed the impact of environmental factors on heavy metal accumulation in these three components of littoral ecosystem. Cd and Pb values were significantly higher in bottom sediments (median values 0.70 and 13.4 mg/kg) than in reed (0.014 and 0.51 mg/kg) and snails (0.074 and 0.81 mg/kg). Cd values in reed stems positively correlated with Cd values in great pond snails (Spearman's rank correlation, rS = 0.62; p less than 0.05). Cd and Pb concentrations in reed stems positively correlated with each other (rS = 0.56; p less than 0.05). Hg values in snails (0.043 mg/kg) were higher than in sediments (0.040 mg/kg) and these were higher than in reed stems (0.010 mg/kg). We also found higher Hg concentrations in reed stems and higher Cd concentrations in great pond snails in eastern compared to western parts of investigated ponds. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) performed on heavy metal values, relative reed beds rate in the pond perimeter was negatively correlated with the sample scores on the first PCA axis. The orientation of sampling site and fish stock density negatively correlated with the second PCA axis. Our results proved the important role of littoral sediments in Cd, Pb and Hg accumulation, and the suitability of great pond snails for Hg stress biomonitoring in fishponds. In conclusion, littoral reed beds play a very important role in toxic element uptake in fishponds.
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