Effect of compost, sulphur and nitrogen fertilization on essential oil production of Achillea milefolium L. grown in the newly reclaimed land
2011
Badawy, E.M. | Aziz, E.E. | Nicola, S.M. | Esmail, H.F.
Field experiments were done in the Agricultural Experimental Station of the National Research Centre at Nubaria, Behira Governorate, west of the Nile Delta, Egypt using a drip irrigation system during the two successive seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009, to investigate the effect of compost (10, 20 and 30 ton/fed.), sulphur (100, 200 and 300 kg S/fed.) and nitrogen (100, 150 and 200 kg N/fed.) on the essential oil yield and its composition during the different growing cuts of Achillea millefolium L.. The essential oil of A. millefolium flowering head is characterized by containing â-pinene (33.4 - 47.9 %), sabinene (7.4 - 14.7 %), chamazulene (5.6 - 21.9%) and (3-caryophyllene (0.8 - 8.0 %). The results showed that the highest relative concentration of â pinene (47.9%) was obtained with the application of compost at the rate of 20 ton/fed. combined with 300 kg S/fed. and 200 kg N/fed.. Further more, the application of 10 ton/fed. compost mixed with 300 kg S/fed. and 200 kg N/fed. gave the highest content of chamazulene (21.9%) and â -caryophyllene (8.0 %) as well as it was accompanied by low amounts of â -pinene (33.4 %) and sabinene (7.4 %). Thus, ammonium sulphate at 200 kg N/fed: combined with compost at 20 or 30 ton/fed. and sulphur at 100 kg S/fed. was the most recommended treatment for increasing the essential oil productivity and quality of A. millefolium grown in the newly reclaimed sandy soil.
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