produ ctivi ty on camel Study of the Im Prove biological

This study was carried out the Imprve bioloyical Productivity on camel ( one humped camels ) In Iran . In this in ves tiyatiny the breeding management System and potential Production of camel ( in range lands Bafgh of yazd Paovince ) that is Alike of center desert,s Iran . Was ctudied by question and survey in this subjest , spcialy biological efficiency . Accrodinge to the obtained results , camel herd size was between 100 _ 500 Person in which all graze in desert rangelans , and only camel feed in door ony resoure nutriments for all of year . Camel proauction is very important in desert,s area in cente Iran . The camels are reared in anextensive system with seasonal migraton to secure food , and they are in the all of year at desert and used plants for meat productive . the camel is well adapted to hotdry and also capable of admirable feats of endurance and drought . The Iranin camel is a very important specis of aridand semiarid eco system . it is also good source of meat and draft power in the areas where other farm animals are difficult to maintain. Recently camel racing and camel tourism can be important sources of revenue for the people living in arid regions , showed an increasing popularity of rasing camels as a sport in the Middle East , Africa , Europe , Astralia , because camels are symbolic of the Arab Gulf . The averaye of desert plant,s eaten by camels were sollected the raims , that was very little , average rains between 50_ 100 mm in the year . Digestibility and palatability of the most consuming plant species including , salsolaspp , salsoea la rigida , salsola yazdiana , salsola _ arbescola , salsola to mentosx , calligonum comosum , tamrix spp , Artemisia spp , Artiplex , Zygophyllum spp , Anabasis hauss knechthi , Haloxylon spp seidli _iarosmarnus , Alhagi camelorum , Kalidium Capsicum , Halostachgs spp , and _ the possible and the possibility of rain . The mating season star ted from ost _ and each male collect 50 _ 80 female for mating randomly . the mating time , pregnancy period and parturition time were about 14 . 8 min utes , 375 + 15 days ane 68 + 7 minutes respectively . cameling occurs mainly between Oct _ , Nov _ , Dec , number of was 200 person , but 50 person chosen at random for project . by randomly and bet ween 4 _ 5 year,s old samel . the average calf birth weight of mele and female were 32 / 36 + 0/79 and 31 / 98 +0 / 74 kgr and werning body wight 142 + 0 / 650 kgr respectively . The calf is suckled for 8 _ 12 month and then taken from milk . but in sudan , pakastan , Ejept , and _ that is pasture better than Iran the calf suckled for 3 _ 4 month and then the milk is shared with the owners . Camelus dromedrius is a seasonal breeder and an ovulator , the longest _ tation period ( 12 _ 13 month pproximaely ) has also Vesulted in along calving internal . the multiple ovulation and embryo recovere ( MOET ) atechnique for rapid exploitation of genetic potential of sup erion females hasnot been standardised in the Irain dromedary. In this study was carried out in one sections aiming to investigate selection and criteria in camel under desert rangland conditions . At first , recorvs of femel weights at mating from 50 person of which grazed in ranglans , and were analysed for the effect of camel size on production and reproduction traits . traits included were number of calf borm per camle joined . weaning body wei ght ( gr ) per metabolic weight of femel joined ( Mothr,s ) = ( WW/ MW 0/75 ) Metabolic weight,s = MW 0/75 MW= femel weight,s before mating Weaning body weight,s in 12 month = WW Birth weight kg ) ) - ( WW Kg ) WW = ( ______________________________ * 360 days ) + bw ( weaning old,s to day ) 1 st period Results also showed biological productivity = 1049 This results and effect of mw for the above traits or WW , showed WW production is important for breeder,s main in come in the weight traits and the ratio of average daily gain to metabolic weight and _ using DFREMLEST mates of heritabilities ( ha 2 ) of weights at birth , weanig weight _ were respectively ( p0/01 ) this study and in order to simulate the enutural desert environment of the camel , selection for improve camel production an in creased biological productivity , chosen main average size camles , that showed the best combination of production and reproduction trais , because main taining the camel size at this value very impotant . It is por posed that a res tricted selection in dex , in which weaning weight is im proved , while the mature body size is kept around average , is the most the desirable . this is selection methodunder these production systems , on one hand , improve management for I ranin camel,s for Vaccination , control of parasites , less calf mortality and diseases _. . _ all of this work,s could be use fully to up everage biological perductivity.