Clasificacion integral de sistemas de cultivo minifundistas irrigados.

Spanish; Castilian. En este trabajo se ensaya la aplicacion de un principio integral para la clasificacion de sistemas de cultivo minifundistas irrigados por bombeo. Se utiliza como herramienta estadistica basica el analisis multivariado, con base en las tecnicas de componentes principales, de correlacion canonica y de conglomerados. Los criterios de clasificacion utilizados, acordes con el enfoque integral de la agricultura, son tecnicos, economicos y de la orientacion productiva. Los resultados senalan la existencia hipotetica de cinco sistemas de cultivo ubicados dentro de una tendencia que va de aquellos que cultivan principalmente maiz (Zea mays L.) y frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) con tecnica tradicional, bajos costos de produccion e intenso uso de la fuerza de trabajo familiar, hasta aquellos que producen predominantemente hortalizas con tecnica moderna y altos costos de produccion. Se considera a estos resultados como satisfactorios. Sin embargo, se sugiere para trabajos futuros un reordenamiento en la aplicacion de los tres criterios clasificatorios, de modo que se logre una agrupacion exhaustiva de los predios muestreados. Asimismo, se sugiere ampliar el banco de datos con informacion de mas ciclos agricolas.

English. An holistic principle was tested in this work for the study of farming systems in small farms irrigated by pumping. The multivariate analysis was the main statistical tool. The principal components analysis, canonical correlation analysis and cluster analysis were the technics used. According to the holistic view of the agriculture, the classification criteria used were technical, economical and productive orientation. The results indicate that hypotetically there are five farming systems, including those in which the main crops maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgariss L.) with a traditional technology, low production costs and high use of familiar labour force, and those in which vegetables are the main crops with modern technology and high production costs. These results are considered as satisfactory. However, for future studies it is suggested to reorder the application of the three classification criteria, in such a way that an exhaustive grouping of sampled units could be achieved. It is also suggested to increase the data bank with further information concerning other agricultural cycles.