Diagnostico y evaluacion de procedimientos en la poscosecha de rosas en fincas de la Sabana de Bogota.

The objective of this study was to make a diagnosis of the postharvest procedures in some farms producers of roses. The implementation of technology level was explored in different enterprises in order to infer about it and contribute to actual management of this rose production area. This work was conducted by investigating the postharvest way in every studied farm, with the contributions of their chiefs. Relevant variables within the process were included. The information of this study was tabulated and analyzed by basic statistics. Information was also analyzed through the correspondence multivariate analysis procedure by SAS. The average area of the farms was 30.5 ha with a range between 2 and 92 ha. The 81.4 por ciento of this area was dedicated to roses culture. Hydration and irrigation water is obtained from deep wells in the 90 por ciento of the farms. Flowers are packed in meshes (70 por ciento), cartonplast (39.3 por ciento), and both (9 por ciento). The farms use pliable tables (66.6 por ciento) and dark covers (51.5 por ciento). The 21.2 por ciento of the farms hydrates roses in greenhouse and renews the solution every 3.1 days. The 18 por ciento does quick immersion of foliage. Roses are transported from greenhouse to postharvest room by cablevia (39 por ciento), tractor (27 por ciento), and animals (27 por ciento) and manually (33 por ciento). Roses are transported in dry (88 por ciento) and solution (12 por ciento). The average transport duration was 25 minutes. The flowers entrance to the postharvest area is controlled in 48 por ciento of the farms. The 33 por ciento receive the flowers in coolers and the 76 por ciento make it directly in the classification area. At the entrance of the postharvest area the 51.5 por ciento realize flowers immersion in fungicide solution and the 59 por ciento make foliage wash. The duration of the first hydration has an average of 72 minutes. The 75 por ciento of the farms take out the foliage in manual way in 75 por ciento and mechanically in 25 por ciento. The 78 por ciento of the firms take out some petals of the flower. The 18 por ciento realize hydration during the classification with an average duration of 116 minutes. The 27.2 por ciento realize immersion of the flowers in fungicide solution at the end of the making of the bunches and the 32 por ciento realize foliage wash in this point. The 54 por ciento of the farms realize hydration in classification area, the 57.5 por ciento make it in cooler area and 15 por ciento make this process in both areas. The time of hydration has an average of 12.2 hours. The 33 por ciento realize stock the flowers, and 90 por ciento of the farms make it in dry conditions with an average temperature of 2.23oC.