Les Exploitations Agricoles au Maroc: Diagnostic a la Luniere du Recensement General Agricole.

French. Dans le present article nous nous proposons de proceder a un diagnostic des exploitations agricoles marocaines a la lumiere des resultats du dernier recensement general de l' agriculture, notre objectif etant de contribuer a mieux approcher la realite de ces cellules de base de l' agriculture marocaine. Les premiers elements a analyser nous permettront de constater combien les exploitations agricoles marocaines demeurent encore largement de type familial. L' examen des structures foncieres et des statuts des terres, celui des principales caracteristiques de la production et des conditions de son intensification montre que dans l' ensemble, c' est plutot la stabilite qui prevaut. Encore que certaines evolutions constatees apparaissent particulierement inquietantes. En guise de synthese, nous proposerons une typologie qui a l' avantage d' identifier differents profils d' exploitations en fonction de leurs principales forces et faiblesses, et d' ouvrir de nouvelles pistes de reflexion et d' investigation.

English. This paper is aimed at making a diagnosis of Moroccan farms based on the results of the latest general agricultural census and our objective is to contribute to set up a better approach to the reality of the basic cells of the Moroccan agriculture. The first elements to be analysed will allow checking how many Moroccan farms are still family-based. The analysis of the land structures and land statutes, of the major characteristics of production as well as of the conditions of its intensification show that stability does prevail in general. Nevertheless, some ascertained evolutions are particularly worrying. We will propose an approach that can identify different farm profiles depending on their main forces and weaknesses, and open new pathways of thoughts and investigation.