Host range and natural reservoirs of tomato yellow leaf curl virus.
1987
Ioannou N. | Kyriakou A. | Hadjinicolis A.
The host range of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was studied in the laboratory using over 100 species and varieties of wild and cultivated plants. Seven species of the Solanaceae family and eight non-solanaceous species representing the families Compositae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae and Plantaginaceae, became systemically infected by the virus following artificial inoculation using viruliferous white-flies (Bemisia tabaci Genn.). Tomato and Datura stramonium L. were the only host-species which developed clear and severe symptoms, three wild Lycopersicon species reacted with very mild or vague symptoms, while Nicotiana tabacum L., N. glutinosa L. and all eight non-solanaceous hosts carried the virus in masked form. Virus recovery by back-transmission to tomato from all solanaceous hosts, including symptomless carriers, was much higher than from non-solanaceous hosts. In the field, TYLCV was recovered from tomato at all growth stages and in all seasons. The virus was also recovered from naturally infected D. stramonium, tobacco, three wild Lycopersicon species, and from numerous breeding lines derived from crosses between these Lycopersicon species and the cultivated tomato. About 25 other common weed species and crop plants were also tested but were never found infected by TYLCV. Since wild Lycopersicon species do not grow naturally in Cyprus, tobacco and D. stramonium are the only secondary hosts which could serve as natural reservoirs of the virus. In practice however, due to the overlapping of tomato crops throughout the year, TYLCV appears to complete its entire cycle on the primary host.
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