Inhibition of aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) reproduction by neem seed oil and azadirachtin.
1996
Lowery D.T. | Isman M.B.
Exposure of adult green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley), for 3 d to a 1.0% solution of neem seed oil applied to leaf disks reduced the number of live offspring by 82 and 66%, respectively, compared with controls. Fourth-instar N. ribisnigri were more sensitive than adults to the sterilizing activity of neem, because they produced 87% fewer offspring than controls following exposure to 1.0% neem seed oil. Exposure to azadirachtin, considered to be the most active component of neem, reduced the fertility (live offspring per aphid per day) and the fecundity (live + dead offspring per aphid per day) of adult M. persicae, N. ribisnigri, and strawberry aphid, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii (Cockerell), in a linear, concentration-dependent manner. Dissections of treated N. ribisnigri indicate that exposure to neem seed oil or azadirachtin results in higher mortality rates for embryos just before parturition, but increased mortality during this stage does not account for the recorded decrease in-fecundity.
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