Evaluacion de hibridos y variedades de girasol (Helianthus annuus L), bajo diferentes densidades poblacionales, en Valdivia, Chile.
1990
Tatter P Alberto
The effect of 3 population densities on grain and oil yields of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) were determined on 9 different genotypes in Southern Chile (39 deg S and 73 deg W). Five commercial F1 hybrids and 4 open-pollinated varieties were disposed, as main plots, in a 4-replicated randomized complete blocks design, with 3 split sub plots with on row spacings of 20, 30 and 40 cm, each. Yields linearly decreased with the increase of the on row spacing. The 20 cm on row spacing (83.333 plants x ha-1) gave 2.87 MT x ha-1, the highest mean yield, and among cultivars 'Colliguay', 'Klein A' and 'Talinay' showed yields of 2.75, 3.69, and 2.61 MT x ha-1, respectively. 'Contiflor 4' yielded 2.48 MT x ha-1. On row spacings of 30 and 40 cm (60 cm between rows) represented suboptimal populations for grain and oil yields. Direct yield components (achene number per head, 1000-achene weight) showed an inverse relationship with population density, as a result of a reduction in row spacing. Oil percentage and oil yield means were significantly different, under the 20 cm-row spacing (42.7% and 1.32 MT-1) from 30 and 40 row spacing. The genotype x row spacing interactions were highly significant for oil yield and significant for oil percentage. For the range of row spacing under study, the linear regression equations adequatedly fitted the performance of genotypes and row spacing when grain and oil yields and yield component were considered.
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