Population density and general socioeconomic conditions around the Saguling and Cirata Reservoirs [West Java, Indonesia].
1990
Suwartapradja O.S. | Achmad H.
The majority of people to be resettled from the Saguling and Cirata Reservoirs [West Java, Indonesia] remained in surrounding villages, moving to marginal lands above flood level. In Saguling, dramatic reductions in the area of arable lands and ricefields increased village population densities 2-3 times, from a range of 237- 1,691 (pre-indundation) to 476- 4,292 persons/sq km (post). New job opportunities were few and as natural resources were depleted, household incomes dropped and the number of landless increased. In Saguling the displaced poor (58% of those monitored) who used compensation money to buy agricultural land remained poor five years after resettlement, and 10% of the people previously classified as middle income farmers became poor. Increased socioeconomic status was seen only among displaced persons who took up non-agricultural jobs such as trading, work in village centers, or floating net cage aquaculture. Development of floating net cage aquaculture could help decrease population pressure and environmental destruction by offering alternative employment not requiring land. For its development, however, aquaculture requires credit sources; these could be created by fish farmer's associations using traditional patron-client relationships.
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