One hundred years of research about the metabolism of alcohol have provided many details, but some general aspects of the physiologic value of alcohol remain uncertain or inadequately proven. Results from epidemiologic studies appear to be in conflict with interpretations based on results from indirect calorimetric studies. The apparent inability of body mass index to be maintained in women when alcohol is consumed with food may indicate impaired metabolic processes that need to be better understood. Current evidence on the effects of alcohol are summarized to identify experimental approaches that may provide information needed to resolve the current contradictions.
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