Determination of essential oils and heavy metals accumulation in Salvia officinalis cultivated in three intra-raw spacing in Ash-Shoubak, Jordan
2011
Abu-Darwish, M.S. (Al-Balqa Applied Univ., Al-Salt (Jordan). Ash-Shoubak Univ. Coll.) | Al-Fraihat, A.H. (Al-Balqa Applied Univ., Ajloun (Jordan). Dept. of Applied Science) | Al-Dalain, S.Y.A. (Al-Balqa Applied Univ., Al-Salt (Jordan). Ash-Shoubak Univ. Coll.) | Afifi, F.M.U. (University of Jordan, Amman (Jordan). Faculty of Pharmacy) | Al-Tabbal, J.A. (Al-Balqa Applied Univ., Al-Salt (Jordan). Al-Huson Univ. Coll.)
Essential oil yields and heavy metals content were determined in Salvia officinalis, cultivated in three intra-raw spacing (15, 30 & 45 cm) in the research farm of Ash-Shoubak University College. Specimens were harvested at the vegetative, beginning of blooming, full-blooming and fruit maturation stages. Essential oil concentration and content of heavy metals in the plant specimens were determined by using hydrodistillation and atomic absorption spectrometry methods, respectively. The yields of essential oil and heavy metal contents were affected by intra-raw spacing and phenological stage. The maximum oil yield was obtained in plant cultivated in 15 cm planting space (2.00) and harvested during vegetative stage, while the minimum oil content was detected in the plants cultivated in the same raw planting space and harvested at maturation stage. Heavy metals contents were variable depending on both intra-raw spacing and phenological stage. Co, Cd, and Pb were not detected. Contents of Ni, Zn, Fe and Cu were increased during the vegetative stage of the plant but still below their toxic level. Results indicated that S. officinalis cultivated in 15 cm planting space and harvested at the vegetative stage in Ash-Shoubak is rich in essential oils and free from hazardous heavy metals.
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