Corn (Zea mays L.) and white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) as bioindicators of contamination of Great Bačka Canal sediment [Serbia] | Kukuruz (Zea mays L.) i slačica (Sinapis alba L.) kao bioindikatori zagađenja sedimenta Velikog Bačkog kanala [Srbija]
2011
Bošković, Ž., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Gvozdenac, S. (mentor), Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia)
Environmental contamination with pesticides, heavy metals and other pollutants attracts the attention of public in last few decades, because accumulated toxic and persistent substances reach surface and underground water, and incorporate into sediment that becomes permanent source of these pollutants. The influence of sediment on ecosystem, as well as the possibility of toxic material incorporation into the food chain, and expression of toxic effects on plants poses the necessity for continuous control of water/sediment system quality. Some plant species are particularly sensitive to higher pollutant content and react in morphological and physiological changes, thus are used as bioindicators of sediment contamination, and as test plants in bioassays for contamination detection. The aim of this work was to evaluate the quality of sediment from the Great Backa Canal (Serbia) using corn (Zea mays L.) and white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) as bioindicators. We used pore water, and distilled as control variant. The assay was performed according to filter paper method recommended by ISTA Regulations book and Regulations on quality of agricultural seed (Official Gazette 58/2002). Germination (%), root and shoot length (cm) were measured after seven days. Experiment was performed in four replicates, and results were analyzed using Dunnet test (confidence interval 95%) in SPSS 17 software. Results indicate that pore water quality did not have influence on germination and root length of corn, given that values of both parameters were at the same level of significance with the control variant, while shoot length was significantly higher in pore water. Pore water did not affect germination of white mustard, but did significantly inhibit root growth and stimulated shoot growth. The results indicate the presence of inhibitory, in the case of mustard root and stimulatory for shoot for mustard and corn in pore water (sediment) from this canal. However, for further characterization it is necessary to conduct further chemical analysis of water and sediment.
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