The effect of substrate produced from pig manure by biodegradation of larvae of house flies on the phytomass of maize (Zea mays L.) | Účinok substrátu vyrobenéno z prasacieho hnoja biodegradáciou larvami muchy domácej na fytomasu kukurice siatej (Zea mays L.)

The effect of substrate produced from pig manure by biodegradation of larvae of house flies on the maize (Zea mays L.) phytomass formation have been investigated on haplic luvisol in the pot trial realized in vegetative cage placed on the territory of Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra. Haplic Luvisol used in the experiment had medium supply of Nmin, suitable content of available P and high content of available K and Mg. The achieved results showed that application of substrate influenced positively the height of maize plants as early as growth stage BBCH 14-15, that means 25 days after germination. The height of very young plants of maize (younger than 30 days) is not suitable parameter for grain yield assessment. On the contrary, the height of plants, but particularly thickness of stalk, are good criterion for maize grain yield assessment when the plants are evaluated after growth stage BBCH 16-17. The best is when the plants are evaluated after growth stage BBCH 20 - 21. Substrate (pig manure fermented by the larvae of domestic fly) increased the content of total chlorophyll, especially through the increase of chlorophyll b content. Significant positive correlation between total chlorophyll content and grain yield of maize was found out. Manure positively influenced yield and starch content in maize grain. Negative relation was determined between content of crude protein in grain and maize yield. The effect of mineral fertilizer on the maize phytomass formation is greater than the effect of organic farm fertilizers. It is for that reason that several times higher input of mobile nutrients into soil is applied through the mineral fertilizers in comparison with organic ones. When higher rates of N-fertilizers are applied it is needed to increase application dose of sulphur as well.