Clinical and epidemiological characterization of leishmaniasis in dogs in São Paulo State | Caracterização clínica e epidemiológica das leishmanioses em cães no Estado de São Paulo
2013
Cauê Pereira Toscano | Claudio Nazaretian Rossi | Vítor Márcio Ribeiro | Marcia Dalastra Laurenti | Carlos Eduardo Larsson
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">The occurrence of visceral or cutaneous canine leishmaniasis cases among dermatophatic dogs admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry - University of São Paulo from 1997 to 2008 was retrospectively characterized. For the diagnosis of 427 animals, serological (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Indirect Immunofluorescence and/or Complement Fixation), parasitological and molecular (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests were performed, which resulted in 117 (27.4%) confirmed positive cases. Of these, 96 (82.1%) were pure breed dogs and the others 21 (17.9%) were cross breed, being 57 (48.7%) females and 60 (51.3%) males. In terms of age, 26 (22.2%) were younger than 36 months, 48 (41%) were between 36 and 84 months, and 43 (36.8%) were older than seven years old. Sixty-four (54.7%) dogs were considered oligosymptomatic, 44 (37.6%) symptomatic, and the remaining nine (7.7%) asymptomatic. The main clinical findings were, in descending order, dermal lesions, lymphadenopathy, anemia, dysorexia, prostration and splenomegaly. As for hematological disorders, relative and absolute lymphopenia was the most important findings. Ninety-six (82.1%) of the positive animals correspond to allochthonus cases from São Paulo municipality.</span></p>
Show more [+] Less [-]<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><p class="MsoNormal">Caracterizou-se retrospectivamente, a partir do ano de 1997 até março de 2008, a ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose, visceral ou tegumentar, dentre os cães dermatopatas atendidos em serviço especializado de hospital-escola veterinário de Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo. Para o diagnóstico em 427 animais, foram utilizados testes sorológicos (Ensaio Imunoenzimático Indireto, Imunofluorescência Indireta e/ou Fixação de Complemento), parasitológicos diretos e moleculares (Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase), que resultaram na confirmação de 117 (27,4%) casos positivos. Da amostragem, 96 (82,1%) eram cães de raça definida, os demais 21 (17,9%) não dispunham de plena definição racial, sendo 57 (48,7%) fêmeas e 60 (51,3%) machos. Quanto à faixa etária, 26 (22,2%) apresentavam idade inferior a 36 meses, 48 (41%) entre 36 e 84 meses e 43 (36,8%) ultrapassavam o sétimo ano de vida. Considerou-se 64 (54,7%) cães como oligossintomáticos, 44 (37,6%) sintomáticos e os nove (7,7%) remanescentes como assintomáticos. As principais alterações clínicas observadas foram, em ordem decrescente, lesões tegumentares, linfonodomegalia, anemia, disorexia, prostração e esplenomegalia. Quanto às alterações hematológicas, a mais importante foi a linfopenia relativa e absoluta. Dos animais positivos para a enfermidade, 96 (82,1%) correspondeu a casuística alóctone ao Município de São Paulo.</p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>PT-BR</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> 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