Изготовление пеллет из отходов продукции растениеводства
2011
Timoshuk, A.L. | Chernobaj, V.A., National Academy of Sciences, Minsk (Belarus). Scientific and Practical Center for Agriculture Mechanization | Chumakov, V.V., Unikhimprom of the BSU, Minsk (Belarus)
Deficit of energy resources all over the world (including European countries) leads to increasing of prices for fuels and searching of alternative energy sources. Along with traditional fuels (gas, oil and coal), new types of energy resources are involved in power economy of various countries. Bioenergetics appears a modern direction of alternative energetics. The base of bioenergetics is utilization of raw materials of plant origin. Pellets made of agricultural wastes, including rape straw, along with wood granules, are considered to be the fuel of a future in the European countries, the number of pellets producers rises every year. Maximal utilization of domestic energy resources is important for the Republic of Belarus also. Energy safety concept, developed for the conditions of the Republic of Belarus, provides implementation of the technologies and creation of the equipment for solid biofuel production. Rape straw, stay away from commercial output, appears one of the most perspective raw materials for pellet production. Low cost of rape straw along with high sustainability if compared to wood material provides rape straw highly profitable raw material for pellet producing. Comparative analysis of energy value of different types of plant biomass (cellulose, woods, grass, and straw) is presented. The scheme of technological line for the producing of fuel granules is shown. Comparison of various types of fuels (coal, diesel, gas and pellets) is made. Energetic and ecological characteristics of each fuel are displayed. Economic characteristics of heating units, working on different types of fuels, are calculated. Practicability of rape straw pellets producing in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus is substantiated.
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