COI of eight species of Megachilidae in Mu Us sandland,Inner Mongolia,China | 毛乌素沙地切叶蜂科8种类COI基因序列比较分析

Chinese. 采用PCR扩增和序列测定技术,对内蒙古毛乌素沙地切叶蜂科的8种野生蜂线粒体DNA细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ（COI）基因片段进行了研究。结果表明：扩增得到658bp的基因片段长度,碱基组成的A＋T为75.8%,含量显著高于G＋C（24.2%）含量。共检测到203个变异位点,占总位点的30.9%。变异位点转化数明显少于巅换数,巅换主要以A-T之间为主。采用邻接法（NJ）、最大似然法（MP）和UPGMA法构建系统进化树,结果显示：海切叶蜂Megachile maritima和大和切叶蜂M.japonica亲缘关系最近;北方切叶蜂M.manchuriana、双斑切叶蜂M.leachella和凹足切叶蜂Megachile sp.聚为一类;戎拟孔蜂Hoplitis princeps和花黄斑蜂Anthidiumflorentinum与其他6个种间的遗传差异最大,亲缘关系最远。研究结果与传统分类一致,对利用COI序列建立快速、准确野生蜂的分子鉴定具有一定参考价值。

English. Leaf-cutting bees are important pollinators for crop pollination.The aim of this article is try to explore genetic ecology of eight species of Megachilidae（Hymenoptera：Apoidea）in the Mu Us sandland,Inner Mongolia,China.The mitochondrial COI of eight bees were amplified and sequenced.Nucleotides composition,transition and transversion,and genetic distance of the sequence were analyzed by sequence alignment.Anthidium florentinum was used as outgroup to reconstruct the molecular phylogenetic trees of these species with Neighbor-Joining（NJ）,Maximum Parsimony（MP） and UPGMA methods.The results of the sequence analysis showed that the COI genes are 657 bp in length by alignment,including 454 conserved,230 variable and 107 parsimonious-informative sites,and the average A＋T content is 75.8%,much more than that of C＋G（24.2%）.Molecular phylogenetic trees showed that the five species of Megachile clustered together ordinally,which indicating that they have closer relationship among them.Hoplitis princes,Anthidium florentinum were far from the other six species in genetic difference.The results are in accord with that of traditional morphological classification.It could be important than quickly to identify bees by COI gene sequence.