Identification of a potyvirus associated with mosaic disease on patchouli plants in Indonesia
2011
Noveriza, R., Bogor Agricultural Univ., Bogor (Indonesia) | Suastika, G. | Hidayat, S.H. | Osuwondo, U.K., Bogor Agricultural Univ., Bogor (Indonesia). Faculty of Agriculture
Patchouli ( Pagostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.)plants, an important source of essential oil, are widely cultivated in Indonesia. The cultivation areas are located mainly in Sumatera (Aceh, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, Bengkulu, and Lampung),Java (West, Central and East Java) and South Kalimantan. Patchouli plants cultivated in some locations were severely affected by mosaic disease in West and Central Java, and West Sumatera. The diseased plants showed typical symptoms of pale green mosaic, malformation of the leaves and severe retardation of plant growth. This study was carried out to identify the virus associated with mosaic disease on patchouli. By enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay, the diseased plant samples collected from Garut, Ciamis, Bogor (West Java) and West Pasaman (West Sumatera) strongly reacted with Potyvirus antiserum, but did not show any signal with antisera to Cucumber mosaic virus, Tobacco mosaic virus, Broad Bean Wilt Virus 1 and Broad Bean Wilt Virus 2; except the samples collected from Brebes (Central Java) which reacted strongly with Broad Bean Wilt Virus 2 only. The potyvirus was then isolated. The virus isolate could be mechanically transmitted to Nicotiana benthamiana, N.tabacum, Chenopodium amoranticolor, C. quinoa, Gomphrena globosa, and Solanum melongena. Positive results were also obtained using a reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to detect and identify Potyvirus from nucleic acid extracts of the symptomatic patchouli plants, using a pair of degenerate primers specific for potyvirus CP gene.The sequence of this RT-PCR fragment, consisted of 327 bp, confirmed that a potyvirus associated with mosaic disease on patchouli plants in Indonesia. Based on the experiment with Tapak Juan variety, the mosaic disease would affect the yield of patchouli plant up to 26.52%, reduced the essential oil content up to 2.37% and patchouli alcohol up to 5.06%.
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