STUDY ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL EVOLUTION RULE OF ARID INDEX IN INNER MONGOLIA | 近40年内蒙古自治区干燥度时空演变规律分析

Chinese. 为更好的在内蒙古自治区预测干旱发展趋势,制定相应防灾减灾对策,全面正确评价干旱灾害的时空分布规律。本文根据1970年～2009年共计40年间内蒙古自治区47个气象站点的气象数据资料,包括气温、风速及湿度等,基于联合国粮农组织（FAO）推荐的Penman-Monteith模型计算出的各气象站点的潜在蒸散量（ET0）与降水量（P）的比值得到各气象站点的干燥度（K）。通过对47个气象站多年的干燥度进行分析,采用克里格插值方法对全区的气候干燥度的时空变异规律进行研究,研究表明在空间变化上内蒙古自治区受气候地形等因素的综合影响,整体呈现干旱气候,干燥度的空间分布趋势为东小西大,地域性差异显著。时序变化上,多年来受到潜在蒸散量和降水量的综合影响,四个不同区域干燥度值出现不同程度浮动变化,东北部地区呈现半湿润气候,西部地区呈现极干旱气候状态。

English. In order to predict the development trend of drought better in the Inner Mongolia ,formulate corresponding countermeasures for disaster prevention and mitigation, temporal and spatial distribution of comprehensive evaluation of drought disaster right. In this pa- per, according to the 1970 to 2009 that a total of 40 years meteorological data from 47 meteorological stations in the Inner Mongolia,in- elude the temperature,wind speed,precipitation and humidity, The meteorological station of potential evapotranspiration（ET0） are cal- culated with Penman- Monteith method recommended by tile FAO56,combined with precipitation （P）get the arid index（K） of each meteorological stations. By analysing many years of arid index in 47 meteorological stations, we taking study with Kriging interpolation on the temporal and spatial variation evolution of climate arid index in region , the study shows that in spatial variation the Inner Mongolia is comprehensive influenced by climate and terrain and other factors, tile whole area present arid climate, The arid index tendency on spatial variation is the western part is bigger than eastern, the regional difference is significant. In temporal variation, over the years by the potential evapotranspiration and precipitation combined effects, the four different regions arid index appears at different levels, northeast present semi -humid climate,western area showed extremely arid climate condition.