Pollution Status of PAHs in Orchard Soil of Road Side | 公路旁苹果园土壤PAHs污染状况

Chinese. 选择山东栖霞等地304省道公路旁3处苹果园,采用HPLC法,分析0～ 45 cm土层的ΣPAHs含量。结果表明：汽车尾气使公路两旁10～ 150 m内果园的土壤受到不同程度的污染,表层土ΣPAHs含量最高,多在1 000ng・g-1左右,0～ 15,15～ 30和30～ 45 cm 3层土壤ΣPAHs平均含量比例为1.63∶1.35∶1;根据沉降情况将11种PAHs分为渐变型、远距型、波动型3种类型：渐变型在20 m后随距离增加沉降量降低,包含菲、荧蒽和蒽,最大沉降量分别为343.93,113.06和18.11 ng・g-1,远距型随距离增加沉降量增加,包括芘、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘和苯并[a,h]蒽,100 m处最大沉降量分别为85.73,49.75,30.37和7.95 ng・g-1,波动型在20和100 m处出现2个沉降高峰,包括苯并[k]荧蒽,茚苯[1,2,3-cd]芘,苯并[a]蒽和屈;菲与荧蒽浓度位于风险评价中值,存在一定生态风险。

English. To investigate air pollution of the ΣPAHs released by the automobile exhaust we measured the ΣPAHs content in 0- 45 cm soil layers of the three apple orchards by the provincial highway S304 in Yantai Qixia by ASE-HPLC.The results showed that automobile exhaust emissions leaded to PAHs pollution to different degrees in the orchard soil within 10- 150 m from both sides of the road. The topsoil had the highest PAHs content with more than 1 000 ng・g- 1.The average ΣPAHs content ratio was 1. 63∶ 1. 35∶ 1 for 0- 15,15- 30 and 30- 45 cm soil layers. The 11 kinds of PAHs were classed into three types including the change gradually type,the distance spread type and the fluctuation type according to the sink conditions. ΣPAHs of the change gradually type,including Phenanthrene,Fluoranthene and Anthracene,reduced with the increasing distance after 20 m,and their maximum settlement amount reached to 343. 93ng・g- 1,113. 06 ng・g- 1,and 18. 11 ng・g- 1. ΣPAHs of the distance spread type,including Pyrene,Benzo[b]fluoranthene,Benzo[a]pyrene,Benzo[a,h]anthracene,increased with the increasing distance,and the maximum settlement amount reached to 85. 73,49. 75,30. 37,and 7. 95 ng・g- 1at 100 m from the road. The fluctuation type,including Benzo[k]fluoranthene,Indeno [1,2,3-cd]pyrene,Benzo[a]anthracene and Chrysene,had two settlement peaks at the 20th meters and 100th meters. The ΣPAHs content of orchard covering with grass reduced by 48. 04%compared with normal roadside apple orchards. Phenanthrene and Fluoranthene concentration were in risk assessment values,and existed ecological risk.