Effects of steam-flaked corn and extruded soybean meal on the growth and slaughter performance of dairy bull calves | 蒸汽压片玉米及膨化大豆对奶公犊生长和屠宰性能的影响

Chinese. 为探究蒸汽压片玉米和膨化大豆对犊牛生长性能和屠宰性能的影响，选用3日龄内吃足初乳的健康荷斯坦公犊牛39头，随机分为3组，每组13头，分别为代乳粉组（I组）、50％代乳粉＋蒸汽压片玉米及膨化大豆混合精料组（1I组）和蒸汽压片玉米及膨化大豆混合精料组（I]I组）。1～30日龄，3个组均饲喂鲜奶，30日龄后各组逐步替换成试验日粮，150日龄时屠宰，并测定屠宰性能。运用SAS8．0软件进行数据统计处理。结果表明：31～90dI组犊牛的日增重极显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组（P〈0．01），但随着犊牛日龄的增大，Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的日增重与I组逐渐接近并最终超过I组，150d试验结束时，I、Ⅱ扣Ⅲ组犊牛的平均体重分别为230．18、225．10和229．45kg，组间差异不显著（P〉0．05）；111组的各屠宰指标与I组均没有显著差异（P〉0．05），而Ⅲ组的宰前活重和眼肌面积有高于I组的趋势（P〈0．1）；饲料成本分析表明，Ⅲ组的饲料成本极显著低于I组（P〈0．01）。蒸汽压片玉米及膨化大豆可以替代代乳粉饲喂断奶后犊牛，并能增大眼肌面积，显著降低生产成本。

English. This experiment aimed to investigate effect of steam-flaked corn and extruded soybean meal on the growth and slaughter performance of calves. In this experiment, thirty-nine 3-day Holstein bull calves fed colostrums were randomly divided into three groups with 13 calves for each group,including milk replacer group （group I ） ,50% of milk replacer and concentrate group （group Ⅱ ）, and concentrate group （group Ⅲ ）. The calves of three groups were fed milk at first 30 days, then gradually replaced by the experimental diets. After 150 days, all calves were slaughtered to evaluate the slaughter traits. Data were analyzed using the SAS8.0. The result showed that the average daily gain of group I was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ and group m （P〈0. 01）during 31-90 days, but with the increasing of age,the average daily gain of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were gradually approaching group I and eventually exceeded group I . The calves weight of group I , Ⅱ and Ⅲ was 230.18 kg,225.10 kg and 229.45 kg respectively after 150 days, and there was no significant difference for the three groups（P〉0.05）. For slaughter performance, group Ⅲ had no difference with group I （P〉0.05）,and for the body weight at slaughter and the loin eye area in group Ⅲ tended to be higher than group [ （P〈0.1）. Feed cost estimating showed that feeding concentrate meal could reducefeed cost significantly（ P〉0. 01）. In summary, the concentrate meal which include steam-flaked corn and extruded soybean could be used as the milk replacer and got better loin eye area and lower production cost notably.