Microscopic structure of rabbit hair | 家兔绒毛的显微结构研究

Chinese. [目的]了解家兔绒毛的显微形态结构，[方法]选择具有典型特征的单根家兔绒毛，从尖部到根部对其进行显微结构观察，并检测其纤维直径。[结果]家兔绒毛的毛尖由鳞片层和皮质层组成，无髓质层；中部一般由鳞片层、皮质层和髓质层组成；根部无髓质层，鳞片层呈麦穗状。这是家兔绒毛的特性，可用于与其他动物纤维的比较研究及种类鉴别。兔毛具有发达的髓质层，纤维直径与髓腔列数成正相关。绒毛一般为单列，粗毛为多列。单根兔绒的尖部最细，中部变粗，根部又变细，且各部分直径差异较大，外形生长特性呈纺锤形。[结论]利用生物显微镜法鉴别不同动物毛皮及其产品种类是较为客观、简便的。

English. [Objective] The paper was to explore the microscopic structure of rabbit hair. [Method] Single rabbit hair with typical features was selected to observe its microscopic structure from tip to root, and its fiber diameter was also measured. [Result] The rabbit hair tip was constituted by scale layer and cortical layer, without medullary layer; the middle part was generally constituted by scale layer, cortical layer and medullary layer; the root had no medullary layer, and the scale layer was wheatear-shaped. This was the property of rabbit hair, which could be used for comparative studies with other animal fiber and species identification. Rabbit hair had developed medullary layer, and fiber diameter was positively related to column number of medullary cavity. The hair generally was single column, and coarse hair was multi-column. Single rabbit hair was the finest in the tip, coarse in the middle and tapering in the root. The diameter difference of various parts was large, and the external growth characteristics was spindle-shaped. [Conclusion] Using biological microscope method to identify different animal fur and product species is more Objective and simple.