Adapting the nutrient regime of soil for sugar beet - precondition for stable and high-quality production
2013
Richter, R., Mendel Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Faculty of Agronomy | Skarpa, P., Mendel Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Faculty of Agronomy
Sugar beet ranks among very intensive field crops. To ensure yield stability it is necessary to choose soil of high quality fertilised with farmyard manure after harvesting the preceding crop. This will improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and under favourable weather conditions will ensure a balanced emergence rate of the plants. An optimal content of P, K and Mg in the soil at a level of good supply has a favourable effect on plant growth and development and positively affects the technological quality of the tubers. Under conditions of the Czech Republic, attention must be paid to sulphur and sodium fertilisation. A lower level of K fertilisers reduces the Na content in the soil and has to be solved by using fertilisers with a low percent of K which also provide the shortage sodium. When the content of the basic fertilisers is balanced, the decisive factor in terms of the yields and tuber quality is nitrogen. The N rate is determined on the basis of Nmin in the soil in the 0-0.6 m laye. Nitrogen is incorporated into the soil 1-2 weeks prior to sowing, in this way reducing the danger of unbalanced rate of emergence of the sugar beet. With low rates of N additional fertilisation of sugar beet is provided after emergence of the plants. Additional N fertilisation is carried out only exceptionally with nitric forms of N fertilisers before the end of May.
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