Génétique des caprins laitiers
2012
Manfredi , Eduardo (INRA , Auzeville (France). UR 0631 Station d'Amélioration Génétique des Animaux) | Adnoy , T. (Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, University of Life Science, Norwegian(Norvège).)
French. Animal de subsistance ou véritable usine de production laitière ? La chèvre, légendaire nourricière des dieux de l’antiquité, continue de surprendre par sa remarquable plasticité lui permettant de s’adapter à des systèmes de production très variables. En amélioration génétique, on retrouve aussi des situations très diverses allant de la sélection artisanale à des schémas de sélection faisant intervenir des outils puissants pour l’évaluation génétique et la reproduction. Nous discutons ici les programmes de sélection actuels et leurs perspectives.
Show more [+] Less [-]English. This review covers two parts of dairy goat genetics: genetic variation of traits and genetic improvement. Most knowledge on the genetic determinism of goat traits comes from polygenic analyses since generic molecular tools have been limited in this species. There are, however, some genes well studied at the molecular level such as milk casein and prion protein genes, whose effects on phenotypes are also discussed. In the genetic improvement chapter, we summarize the general principles of animal breeding, with and without the use of molecular data, before a discussion on the present practices and perspectives of dairy goat selection.
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