Study the time of inter and exit of animal in key ranges of 5 bioclimatic zones of Iran( Mountain site Alamut Qazvin )

The various Range of different zones of Iran, consist of different plant species , each with different vegetative and reproductive stages.Thus,each species has a particular time period for growing readiness and grazing at a particular time must also stop.Moreover, rangeland soil is ready only in certain times to sever livestock. Without understanding these characteristics, determining the grazing season and livestock management and grazing is not possible. Withthis study, the revising of grazing rangeland management programs in similar areas with similar vegetation will be possible. So in order to determine the timing of entry and exit of livestock to and from rangeland this study was carried out in a semi-steppe rangeland in Alamut of Ghazvin province, 100 km North eastern of Ghazvin five years from 2006 to 2010. In this study, first selected floristic list of range speices and selected 6 valuable and important species. So information of phenology plant noted in 2 stage: growth stage in every 15days and reproductive stage in every 7 days. From 4 species gramine, such as Dactylis glomerata which is approximately good-eating, Bromus tomentellus and Festuca ovina which is medium in good-eating and Agropyron intermedium which is not edible, Generally their their flowere time is the last week of Ordibehesht ( April ) to the first week of ( May ) and it lasts for 3 to 6 weeks depending upon the dryness status or wetness position of the year. In the last week of May, we do the seeding phase. Two bushes species Thymus kotschyanus in the first half of Khordad(May), the flowering stage starts and in the first half of Tir (June) the seeding stage starts and it lasts up to the first half of Mordad (August). Artemisia aucheri starts flowering from the last days of Mordad (August ) And it goes into seeding stage from the last week of Shahrivar(September) and it lasts for 2 or 3 weeks. The Range soil is approximately dry from the last days of Ordibehesht ( April ) and is ready the timing of entry of livestock.It is recommended to make a preparation for entry of livestock from the first days of Khordad( May ) and exit of livestock from the beginning days of second half of Mordad ( August ) in grazing program.