Chemical composition of Latvian wild edible mushroom Cantharellus cibarius
2014
Kuka, M., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Food Technology. Dept. of Chemistry | Cakste, I., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Food Technology. Dept. of Chemistry | Galoburda, R., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Food Technology. Dept. of Food Technology | Sabovics, M., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Food Technology. Dept. of Food Technology
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of widely used wild edible mushroom Cantharellus cibarius. Mushrooms Cantharellus cibarius were collected in Jelgava region (Latvia) in late summer 2011. Mushrooms were freeze-dried and used to determine chemical composition. Ash amount was determined by incineration at 550 ºC; protein content was determined by Lowry method; total content of phenolic compounds was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The concentrations of β-carotene and lycopene were determined spectrophotometrically in methanol extract. Protein content in dry matter of Cantharellus cibarius was 190 mg gE-1. Electrical conductivity (2550 µs cmE-1), titratable acidity (0.238 mmol of NaOH per g of dry matter) and formol number (0.163 mmol NaOH per g of mushrooms dry matter) were measured in water extract. The total content of phenolic compounds was 5.09 mg of gallic acid equivalents per 1 g of mushrooms dry matter. The content of β-carotene was 4 times higher than the content of lycopene for Cantharellus cibarius, but 4.6 times less than for Boletus edulis f. beticola. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) volatile compounds for the first time were determined in both fresh and freeze-dried samples of mushroom Cantharellus cibarius and the dominant compound was found to be oct-1-en-3-ol. Results of the chemical composition of Latvian mushroom Cantharellus cibarius were compared to previously published chemical composition of Cantharellus cibarius collected in other European regions and to our previous results of the chemical composition of Latvian mushroom Boletus edulis. Although the amount of substances tested is slightly higher in mushroom Boletus edulis, Latvian mushroom Cantharellus cibarius is a rich source of biocompounds and mineral substances.
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