Evaluation of nutrient diagnostic techniques in relation to nutrient use efficiency and yield of irrigated lowland rice in farmers' fields
2012
Bascon, M.V.R. | Makahiya, H.F. | Cruz, R.T., Philippine Rice Research Inst., Maligaya, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija (Philippines)
Different nutrient diagnostic techniques (NDTs) were evaluated based on grain yield and agronomic nutrient-use efficiency of nitrogen (ANUE), phosphorus (APUE) and potassium (AKUE) (kg grain/kg nutrient applied) to guide farmers and technicians on which NDT to use. The current NDTs are 1) PalayCheck System of rice integrated crop management that uses the Leaf Color Chart (PCheck-LCC) for 'real-time' N application and nutrient omission plot technique for phosphorus and potassium status, 2) Minus-One Element Technique (MOET) based on plant nutrient deficiency symptoms for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and sulfur in potted soil, and 3) Nutrient Manager (NM) fertilizer recommendation based on standard soil and crop input data. Field experiments were conducted in farmers' fields in Bohol, and Pangasinan [Philippines] in 2009 dry and wet seasons (DS and WS) using rice variety PSB Rc82 and 3 NDTs: a) PCheck-LCC, b) MOET, and c) NM. Control were: a) Farmer's Fertilizer Practice and 97-28-28 kg NPK/ha (WS) in Pangasinan, and b) Zero Fertilizer. Results showed that across the 3 NDTs, N was deficient, and P and K levels varied in all sites in DS and WS. Across seasons in Bohol, ANUE and grain yield were 12.5 and 4.2 t/ha with PCheck-LCC, 11.8 and 3.7 t/ha with MOET, 7.2 and 3.6 t/ha with NM, and 8.6 and 3.3 t/ha with FFP. In Pangasinan, ANUE and grain yield were 13.2 and 4.6 t/ha with PCheck-LCC, 0.05 and 3.3 t/ha with MOET, 3.9 and 3.5 t/ha with Nm, and 10.5 and 4.5 t/ha with FFP. PCheck-LCC had higher ANUE and grain yield than MOET, NM and FFP in Bohol and Pangasinan. APUE and AKUE were influenced by nitrogen status in Bohol and Pangasinan.
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