Fungal disease control and postharvest quality during storage of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L. cv. Rong-Rien) fruits treated with preharvest application of Trichoderma harzianum and chelated calcium
2012
Chiradej, C., Kasetsart Univ., Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon, Pathom 73140 (Thailand). Dept. of Plant Pathology | Punnawich, Y., Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat Univ., Nakhon Sawan 60000 (Thailand). Faculty of Agricultural and Industrial Technology | Warin, I., Walailak Univ., Nakhon S. Thammarat 80161 (Thailand). The Tropical Fruit Research Unit
The effect of preharvest spraying of Trichoderma harzianum and chelated calcium on the quality of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) fruits and the control of fungal diseases during storage was investigated. Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (4.8 x 10 sup 8 conidia/mL) and chelated calcium (5.63 mg/L), either alone or in combination, were sprayed at 3 wk intervals three times onto rambutan trees 4 wk after fruit set. After harvest, fruits were separated into two groups: one group was subsequently stored in 0.04-mm low-density polyethylene bag at 12 deg C for 16 d, and another set was artificially wounded and inoculated with the pathogenic fungi Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Gliocephalotrichum microchlamydosporum, covered with plastic wrap and incubated at 28 deg C for 5 d. The fruits were evaluated after storage for 16 d at 12 deg C. Postharvest decay incidence and severity significantly decreased in fruits from the trees treated with both T. harzianum and chelated calcium. Moreover, T. harzianum and chelated calcium also reduced populations of the three plant pathogenic fungi on the fruit. The treatment did not also differ from those of the trees treated with carbendazim. Both the chelated calcium treatment and its combination with T. harzianum also resulted in the lowest weight loss and browning, the highest accumulation of calcium in the peel and spintern, and the thickest peel. T. harzianum and chelated calcium treatments did not affect the total soluble solids, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content.
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