Growth, grain yield and grain quality characteristics of Sub1 introgressions and other breeding lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under submergence
2011
Ubales, C.P.
The performance of Sub1 introgression lines and their recurrent parents under control condition and complete submergence in the field was conducted to assess and quantify the effects of Sub1 gene on growth, grain yield and eating quality characteristics. Significant difference between Sub1 lines and their recurrent parent was observed only in 1000-grain weight. No significant effects on duration to maturity, plant height, number of productive tillers, panicle length, number of spikelets, fertility and yield was observed between Sub1 lines and their recurrent parent under control condition. However, differences were observed in specific pair, for example, IR64 relatively produced more spikelet and longer panicle than its Sub1; while the latter had relatively longer maturity in both seasons. Furthermore, IR64 was relatively taller, more fertile and yielded more than its Sub1 during the dry season. The tolerant genotypes FR13A, IR64-Sub1, Samba Mahsuri-Sub1, PSB Rc68, IR49830-7-1-2-3, IR70181-32 PM1-1-1-5-1 and IR 82355-5-1-3 had 82%, 76%, 69%, 68%, 68%, 65% and 64% survival under complete submergence for two weeks, respectively. Complete submergence for 24 hours significantly affect the duration to maturity, plant height, number of productive tillers and number of spikelets per panicle. The recurrent parents and Sub1 lines showed similar agronomic responses and yield after 24 hour submergence. Most of the physical and chemical grain quality aspects of Sub1 lines were similar to that of their recurrent parents in both seasons. Sub1 lines were rated higher during the wet season. IR64 was more acceptable either as cooked or as raw grains when produced during the dry season, while its Sub1 line was more acceptable during the wet season. Cooked grains of Swarna and its Sub1 line were similarly acceptable in both seasons whereas the raw grains of Swarna-Sub1 were more acceptable in both seasons. IR64 was relatively more chalky, had longer grain and higher length/width ratio than its Sub1 while the latter was perceived to be more glossy in cooked form and more brittle in its raw form. Overall, the study showed that Sub1 introgression has no negative effects on growth and/or grain quality but considerably improves survival and yield following submergence.
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