Breeding ecological characteristics of three kinds of owls in Pangquangou national reserves | 山西庞泉沟保护区三种猫头鹰的繁殖生态特性研究

Chinese. 通过1991～1997年和2002～2004年两次在庞泉沟自然保护区选择林线河滩耕地居民区、阔叶林区、针阔混交林区、针叶林区和山地土壁石质悬崖峭壁5种类型栖息地，设置长400m，跨度100m的固定样线，调查红角猫头鹰、雕猫头鹰和纵纹腹小猫头鹰的迁徙特性、种群密度和繁殖特性，并采用剖捡标本和食丸的方法分析其食性，借以分析3种猫头鹰对5种类型生境的利用特性和繁殖期繁殖生态学特性。结果表明：红角猫头鹰迁徙的特点，北徒年均差异3～4d，南迁年均差异2～5d，居留期162～166d，间隔期199～203d，在本区的生态活动是相对稳定的。阔叶林生境是红角猫头鹰的主要栖息环境。山地土壁、石质悬崖峭壁区是雕猫头鹰的主要栖息环境。林线河滩耕地居民区是纵纹腹小猫头鹰的主要栖息环境。通过其繁殖特性的分析，表明3种猫头鹰在繁殖巢穴选取、产卵、孵卵和育雏等方面存在较大差异。3种繁殖猫头鹰的食性，以农田鼠类、昆虫和部分鸟类为食性，为森林益鸟，应该加以保护，但由于其生境利用较为特殊，种群数量偏低，其繁殖受到食物丰富度的影响。

English. The study investigated river band area, broad leaved forest area, needle and broadqeaved mixed forest area, needle-leaved forest area and cliff area in Pangquangou national reserves during the periods of 1991 - 1997and 2002 - 2004, set the investigation ways to survey the population density of three kinds of owls, and analyzed the diet property by the way of specimen and diet pill. Result showed: the immigration characteristics of Otus Scops remain stable. The main habitat of Otus Scops is broad-leaved forest area, the main habitat of Bubo bubo is cliff area, and the main habit of Athene notua plumipes is river band area. The breeding habits of three kinds of owls is different in nestle selection, oviposition, incubation and brooding. The main food of three kinds of owls includes mice, insects and some birds. They are beneficial to forest protection, and they should be protected by us. The production of three kinds of owls is limited by the population density, and habitate disappearance.