Pengaruh mutagen etil metan sulfonat (EMS) terhadap pertumbuhan kultur in vitro iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)
2009
POERBA YS
unknown. Amorphophallus muelleri Blume (Araceae) is one of 27 Amorphophallus species occur wild in Indonesia (Sumatera, Java, Flores and Timor). The species is valued for its glucoman content for use in food industry (heathy diet food), paper industry, pharmacy and cosmetics. The cultivation of A. muelleri is hampered by limited genetic quality of seed. The species is triploid (2n=3x=39), the seed is developed apomictically. and pollen production is low. The species is only propagated vegetatively. This may explain that the species is difficult to breed conventionally and genetic variability in the existing land races cultivars is rather limited. Induced mutation using ethyl methan sulfonate is one of techniques to increase genetic variation. The present research is aimed to determine Lethal Dosage (LD) 50 percent and 75 percent of EMS and to study effects of EMS on growth of A. muelleri in vitro cultures for use in induced mutation program. Results of the experiment showed that LD-50 and LD-75 was observed at 0.875 percent EMS and 0.5 percent EMS, respectively. Number of shoot and percentage of rooting culture were decreasing as EMS level concentration increases.
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